Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide. Donepezil hydrochloride, a cholinesterase inhibitor, is commonly prescribed to manage AD symptoms, but its oral administration can result in significant side effects and fluctuating plasma concentrations. Transdermal patches offer an alternative drug delivery method, providing controlled release, improved patient compliance, and minimized systemic side effects.

This study explores the formulation and evaluation of transdermal patches containing Donepezil Hydrochloride, aimed at improving the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor, is traditionally administered orally but presents challenges such as variable bioavailability and gastrointestinal side effects. The transdermal route offers advantages, including sustained drug delivery, improved patient compliance, and bypassing first-pass metabolism.

Patches were formulated using polymeric matrices with varying ratios of polymers such as ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol. Drug release studies, permeation studies, and stability assessments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the formulations. In vitro skin permeation studies demonstrated that the optimized patches released Donepezil at a controlled rate, maintaining therapeutic levels over an extended period. Evaluation of skin irritation potential confirmed biocompatibility.

The results indicate that transdermal delivery of Donepezil can enhance therapeutic outcomes while minimizing side effects, presenting a viable alternative to oral administration. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate the efficacy and safety of these transdermal patches in Alzheimer's treatment.